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Coptic alphabet

2010-09-04T23:25:03Z

History:

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	==History==		==History==
	[[File:CopticLetters.svg\|thumb\|left\|Coptic letters in a florid Bohairic script]]		[[File:CopticLetters.svg\|thumb\|left\|Coptic letters in a florid Bohairic script]]
-	~~{{alphabet}}~~

	The Coptic alphabet has a long history, going back to the [[Ptolemaic Egypt\|Hellenistic]] period, of using the Greek alphabet to [[Transcription (linguistics)\|transcribe]] Demotic texts, with the aim of recording the correct pronunciation of Demotic. During the first two centuries of the [[Common Era]], an entire series of magical texts were written in what scholars term ''Old Coptic'', Egyptian language texts written in the Greek alphabet. A number of letters, however, were derived from Demotic, and many of these (though not all) are used in "true" Coptic writing. With the spread of [[Christianity]] in Egypt, by the late 3rd century CE knowledge of [[Egyptian hieroglyph\|hieroglyphic]] writing was lost, as well as Demotic slightly later, making way for a writing system more closely associated with the Christian church. By the 4th century the Coptic alphabet was "standardised", particularly for the Sahidic dialect. (It should be noted that there are a number of differences between the alphabets as used in the various dialects in Coptic.) Coptic is not generally used today except by the members of the [[Coptic Church]] to write their [[religion\|religious]] texts. All the [[Gnosticism\|Gnostic]] codices found in [[Nag Hammadi]] used the Coptic alphabet.		The Coptic alphabet has a long history, going back to the [[Ptolemaic Egypt\|Hellenistic]] period, of using the Greek alphabet to [[Transcription (linguistics)\|transcribe]] Demotic texts, with the aim of recording the correct pronunciation of Demotic. During the first two centuries of the [[Common Era]], an entire series of magical texts were written in what scholars term ''Old Coptic'', Egyptian language texts written in the Greek alphabet. A number of letters, however, were derived from Demotic, and many of these (though not all) are used in "true" Coptic writing. With the spread of [[Christianity]] in Egypt, by the late 3rd century CE knowledge of [[Egyptian hieroglyph\|hieroglyphic]] writing was lost, as well as Demotic slightly later, making way for a writing system more closely associated with the Christian church. By the 4th century the Coptic alphabet was "standardised", particularly for the Sahidic dialect. (It should be noted that there are a number of differences between the alphabets as used in the various dialects in Coptic.) Coptic is not generally used today except by the members of the [[Coptic Church]] to write their [[religion\|religious]] texts. All the [[Gnosticism\|Gnostic]] codices found in [[Nag Hammadi]] used the Coptic alphabet.
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	*[[Michael Everson]]'s [http://ra.dkuug.dk/JTC1/SC2/WG2/docs/n2636.pdf Revised proposal to add the Coptic alphabet to the BMP of the UCS]		*[[Michael Everson]]'s [http://ra.dkuug.dk/JTC1/SC2/WG2/docs/n2636.pdf Revised proposal to add the Coptic alphabet to the BMP of the UCS]
	*[http://st-takla.org/Download-Software-Free/Coptic_Downloads_Ta7mil___Christian_&_Coptic_Free-Fonts_01.html Download Free Coptic Fonts]		*[http://st-takla.org/Download-Software-Free/Coptic_Downloads_Ta7mil___Christian_&_Coptic_Free-Fonts_01.html Download Free Coptic Fonts]
		+	*[http://ukmidcopts.org/home/index.php?option=com_docman&task=cat_view&gid=48&Itemid=42 Coptic Font Packs
	* [http://www.ifao.egnet.net/ Ifao N Copte] - A professional Coptic Unicode font for researchers, students and publishers has been developed by the French institute of oriental archeology (IFAO). Unicode, Mac and Windows compatible, this free font is available through downloading from the IFAO website ([http://www.ifao.egnet.net/publications/outils/polices/ direct link]).		* [http://www.ifao.egnet.net/ Ifao N Copte] - A professional Coptic Unicode font for researchers, students and publishers has been developed by the French institute of oriental archeology (IFAO). Unicode, Mac and Windows compatible, this free font is available through downloading from the IFAO website ([http://www.ifao.egnet.net/publications/outils/polices/ direct link]).
	* [http://www.typographies.fr/index.php Coptic Unicode fonts] ; Coptic fonts made by Laurent Bourcellier & Jonathan Perez, type designers		* [http://www.typographies.fr/index.php Coptic Unicode fonts] ; Coptic fonts made by Laurent Bourcellier & Jonathan Perez, type designers

Template:Unicode chart Coptic

2010-09-04T23:17:44Z

Created page with '{|border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" class="wikitable" style="border-collapse:collapse;background:#FFFFFF;font-size:large;text-align:center" |- |colspan="17" style="backg…'

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{|border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" class="wikitable" style="border-collapse:collapse;background:#FFFFFF;font-size:large;text-align:center"
|-
|colspan="17" style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small"| '''Coptic'''<br />[http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U2C80.pdf Unicode.org chart] (PDF)
|-style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small"
| style="width:45pt" |   || style="width:20pt" | 0 || style="width:20pt" | 1 || style="width:20pt" | 2 || style="width:20pt" | 3 || style="width:20pt" | 4 || style="width:20pt" | 5 || style="width:20pt" | 6 || style="width:20pt" | 7 || style="width:20pt" | 8 || style="width:20pt" | 9 || style="width:20pt" | A || style="width:20pt" | B || style="width:20pt" | C || style="width:20pt" | D || style="width:20pt" | E || style="width:20pt" | F
|-
| style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small"| U+2C8x
| Ⲁ || ⲁ || Ⲃ || ⲃ || Ⲅ || ⲅ || Ⲇ || ⲇ
| Ⲉ || ⲉ || Ⲋ || ⲋ || Ⲍ || ⲍ || Ⲏ || ⲏ
|-
| style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small"| U+2C9x
| Ⲑ || ⲑ || Ⲓ || ⲓ || Ⲕ || ⲕ || Ⲗ || ⲗ
| Ⲙ || ⲙ || Ⲛ || ⲛ || Ⲝ || ⲝ || Ⲟ || ⲟ
|-
| style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small"| U+2CAx
| Ⲡ || ⲡ || Ⲣ || ⲣ || Ⲥ || ⲥ || Ⲧ || ⲧ
| Ⲩ || ⲩ || Ⲫ || ⲫ || Ⲭ || ⲭ || Ⲯ || ⲯ
|-
| style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small"| U+2CBx
| Ⲱ || ⲱ || Ⲳ || ⲳ || Ⲵ || ⲵ || Ⲷ || ⲷ
| Ⲹ || ⲹ || Ⲻ || ⲻ || Ⲽ || ⲽ || Ⲿ || ⲿ
|-
| style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small"| U+2CCx
| Ⳁ || ⳁ || Ⳃ || ⳃ || Ⳅ || ⳅ || Ⳇ || ⳇ
| Ⳉ || ⳉ || Ⳋ || ⳋ || Ⳍ || ⳍ || Ⳏ || ⳏ
|-
| style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small"| U+2CDx
| Ⳑ || ⳑ || Ⳓ || ⳓ || Ⳕ || ⳕ || Ⳗ || ⳗ
| Ⳙ || ⳙ || Ⳛ || ⳛ || Ⳝ || ⳝ || Ⳟ || ⳟ
|-
| style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small"| U+2CEx
| Ⳡ || ⳡ || Ⳣ || ⳣ || ⳤ || ⳥ || ⳦ || ⳧
| ⳨ || ⳩ || ⳪ || bgcolor="#CCCCCC" |   || bgcolor="#CCCCCC" |   || bgcolor="#CCCCCC" |   || bgcolor="#CCCCCC" |   || bgcolor="#CCCCCC" |  
|-
| style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small"| U+2CFx
| bgcolor="#CCCCCC" |   || bgcolor="#CCCCCC" |   || bgcolor="#CCCCCC" |   || bgcolor="#CCCCCC" |   || bgcolor="#CCCCCC" |   || bgcolor="#CCCCCC" |   || bgcolor="#CCCCCC" |   || bgcolor="#CCCCCC" |  
| bgcolor="#CCCCCC" |   || ⳹ || ⳺ || ⳻ || ⳼ || ⳽ || ⳾ || ⳿
|}<noinclude>
[[Category:Unicode chart templates|Coptic]]
</noinclude>

Template:Unicode chart Greek and Coptic

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{|border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" class="wikitable" style="border-collapse:collapse;background:#FFFFFF;font-size:large;text-align:center"
|-
|colspan="17" style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small"| '''Greek and Coptic'''<br />[http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0370.pdf Unicode.org chart] (PDF)
|-style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small"
| style="width:45pt" |   || style="width:20pt" | 0 || style="width:20pt" | 1 || style="width:20pt" | 2 || style="width:20pt" | 3 || style="width:20pt" | 4 || style="width:20pt" | 5 || style="width:20pt" | 6 || style="width:20pt" | 7 || style="width:20pt" | 8 || style="width:20pt" | 9 || style="width:20pt" | A || style="width:20pt" | B || style="width:20pt" | C || style="width:20pt" | D || style="width:20pt" | E || style="width:20pt" | F
|-
| style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small"| U+037x
| Ͱ || ͱ || Ͳ || ͳ || ʹ || ͵ || Ͷ || ͷ
| bgcolor="#CCCCCC" |   || bgcolor="#CCCCCC" |   || ͺ || ͻ || ͼ || ͽ || ; || bgcolor="#CCCCCC" |  
|-
| style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small"| U+038x
| bgcolor="#CCCCCC" |   || bgcolor="#CCCCCC" |   || bgcolor="#CCCCCC" |   || bgcolor="#CCCCCC" |   || ΄ || ΅ || Ά || ·
| Έ || Ή || Ί || bgcolor="#CCCCCC" |   || Ό || bgcolor="#CCCCCC" |   || Ύ || Ώ
|-
| style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small"| U+039x
| ΐ || Α || Β || Γ || Δ || Ε || Ζ || Η
| Θ || Ι || Κ || Λ || Μ || Ν || Ξ || Ο
|-
| style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small"| U+03Ax
| Π || Ρ || bgcolor="#CCCCCC" |   || Σ || Τ || Υ || Φ || Χ
| Ψ || Ω || Ϊ || Ϋ || ά || έ || ή || ί
|-
| style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small"| U+03Bx
| ΰ || α || β || γ || δ || ε || ζ || η
| θ || ι || κ || λ || μ || ν || ξ || ο
|-
| style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small"| U+03Cx
| π || ρ || ς || σ || τ || υ || φ || χ
| ψ || ω || ϊ || ϋ || ό || ύ || ώ || Ϗ
|-
| style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small"| U+03Dx
| ϐ || ϑ || ϒ || ϓ || ϔ || ϕ || ϖ || ϗ
| Ϙ || ϙ || Ϛ || ϛ || Ϝ || ϝ || Ϟ || ϟ
|-
| style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small"| U+03Ex
| Ϡ || ϡ || Ϣ || ϣ || Ϥ || ϥ || Ϧ || ϧ
| Ϩ || ϩ || Ϫ || ϫ || Ϭ || ϭ || Ϯ || ϯ
|-
| style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small"| U+03Fx
| ϰ || ϱ || ϲ || ϳ || ϴ || ϵ || ϶ || Ϸ
| ϸ || Ϲ || Ϻ || ϻ || ϼ || Ͻ || Ͼ || Ͽ
|}<noinclude>
[[Category:Unicode chart templates|Greek and Coptic]]
</noinclude>

File:CopteZmaj.png

2010-09-04T23:15:51Z

uploaded "[[File:CopteZmaj.png]]"

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Coptic alphabet

2010-09-04T23:03:46Z

External links:

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	== External links ==		== External links ==
-	~~{{commonscat\|Coptic script}}~~
	*[http://www.omniglot.com/writing/coptic.htm The Coptic Alphabet] (omniglot.com)		*[http://www.omniglot.com/writing/coptic.htm The Coptic Alphabet] (omniglot.com)
	* [http://sites.google.com/site/pisakho/Home ⲡⲓⲥⲁϧⲟ]: Coptic [http://sites.google.com/site/pisakho/fonts font support] - how to install, use and manipulate Coptic ASCII and Unicode fonts		* [http://sites.google.com/site/pisakho/Home ⲡⲓⲥⲁϧⲟ]: Coptic [http://sites.google.com/site/pisakho/fonts font support] - how to install, use and manipulate Coptic ASCII and Unicode fonts
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	{{writing systems}}		{{writing systems}}

-	~~[[Category:Alphabetic writing systems]]~~
-	~~[[Category:Writing systems of Africa]]~~
-	~~[[Category:Ancient Egyptian language]]~~
	[[Category:Coptic Orthodox Church]]		[[Category:Coptic Orthodox Church]]
-	~~[[Category:Religion in Egypt]]~~
	[[Category:Christianity in Africa]]		[[Category:Christianity in Africa]]
	[[Category:Christianity in Egypt]]		[[Category:Christianity in Egypt]]
-
-	~~[[als:Koptisches Alphabet]]~~
-	~~[[br:Lizherenneg koptek]]~~
-	~~[[bg:Коптска азбука]]~~
-	~~[[de:Koptisches Alphabet]]~~
-	~~[[es:Alfabeto copto]]~~
-	~~[[eo:Kopta alfabeto]]~~
-	~~[[fr:Alphabet copte]]~~
-	~~[[ga:Aibítir Choptach]]~~
-	~~[[gv:Abbyrlhit Coptagh]]~~
-	~~[[gl:Alfabeto copto]]~~
-	~~[[ka:კოპტური დამწერლობა]]~~
-	~~[[nl:Koptisch alfabet]]~~
-	~~[[ja:コプト文字]]~~
-	~~[[ru:Коптское письмо]]~~
-	~~[[sk:Koptská abeceda]]~~
-	~~[[sv:Koptiska alfabetet]]~~
-	~~[[th:อักษรคอปติก]]~~
-	~~[[tg:Алифбои коптӣ]]~~
-	~~[[tr:Kıptî Alfabesi]]~~

File:CopticLetters.svg

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uploaded "[[File:CopticLetters.svg]]"

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Helena (Empress)

2010-09-04T23:00:24Z

Family life:

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	\|birth_date=''ca''. 248		\|birth_date=''ca''. 248
	\|death_date=''ca''. 328		\|death_date=''ca''. 328
-	\|feast_day=~~18 August (Roman Catholic Church); 21 May (Lutheran & Orthodox Churches); 19 May (Lutheran Church);~~ [[Pashons 9 (Coptic Orthodox liturgics)\|9 Pashons]] ([[Coptic Orthodox Church]])	+	\|feast_day= [[Pashons 9 (Coptic Orthodox liturgics)\|9 Pashons]] ([[Coptic Orthodox Church]])
-	\|venerated_in=~~[[Roman Catholic Church]]<br>[[Eastern Orthodox Churches]]<br>~~[[Oriental Orthodoxy~~]]<br>[[Anglican Communion]]<br>[[Lutheran Church~~]]	+	\|venerated_in=[[Oriental Orthodoxy]]
	\|image=Follis-Helena-trier RIC 465.jpg		\|image=Follis-Helena-trier RIC 465.jpg
	\|imagesize=250px		\|imagesize=250px
-	\|caption=~~''Coin of Flavia Iulia~~ Helena~~, mother~~ of ~~Constantine I. Æ Follis (19mm, 3.45 gm). Treveri (Trier) mint. Struck 325-326 AD~~''.	+	\|caption=Helena of Constantinople by Cima da Conegliano''.
	\|birth_place=[[Drepanum]], [[Bithynia]], [[Asia Minor]]		\|birth_place=[[Drepanum]], [[Bithynia]], [[Asia Minor]]
	\|death_place=[[Constantinople]], [[Roman Empire]] (now modern-day [[Istanbul]], [[Turkey]])		\|death_place=[[Constantinople]], [[Roman Empire]] (now modern-day [[Istanbul]], [[Turkey]])
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	==Family life==		==Family life==
-
-	[[File:Sain Gabriel & Saint Helena.jpg\|thumb\|left\|250px\|Icons of [[Saint Gabriel]] (''left'') and Saint Helena (''right'') in the Chapel of [[Saint Michael]], an [[Episcopal Church in the Philippines\|Episcopal Church]] in [[Sagada, Mountain Province]], [[Mountain Province]], [[Philippines]].]]

	Helena's birthplace is not known with certainty. The sixth-century historian [[Procopius]] is the earliest authority for the statement that Helena was a native of [[Helenopolis\|Drepanum]], in the province of [[Bithynia]] in [[Asia Minor]]. Her son Constantine renamed the city "[[Helenopolis]]" after her death in 328, giving rise to the belief that the city was her birthplace.<ref name="Harbus, 12">Harbus, 12.</ref> Although he might have done so in honor of her birthplace, Constantine probably had other reasons for doing so. The Byzantinist [[Cyril Mango]] has argued that Helenopolis was refounded to strengthen the communication network around his new capital in Constantinople, and was renamed to honor Helena, not to mark her birthplace.<ref>Mango, 143–58, cited in Harbus, 13.</ref> There is another Helenopolis, in Palestine, but its exact location is unknown.<ref>Hunt, 49, cited in Harbus, 12.</ref> This city, and the province of [[Helenopontus]] in the [[Diocese of Pontus]], were probably both named after Constantine's mother.<ref name="Harbus, 12"/>		Helena's birthplace is not known with certainty. The sixth-century historian [[Procopius]] is the earliest authority for the statement that Helena was a native of [[Helenopolis\|Drepanum]], in the province of [[Bithynia]] in [[Asia Minor]]. Her son Constantine renamed the city "[[Helenopolis]]" after her death in 328, giving rise to the belief that the city was her birthplace.<ref name="Harbus, 12">Harbus, 12.</ref> Although he might have done so in honor of her birthplace, Constantine probably had other reasons for doing so. The Byzantinist [[Cyril Mango]] has argued that Helenopolis was refounded to strengthen the communication network around his new capital in Constantinople, and was renamed to honor Helena, not to mark her birthplace.<ref>Mango, 143–58, cited in Harbus, 13.</ref> There is another Helenopolis, in Palestine, but its exact location is unknown.<ref>Hunt, 49, cited in Harbus, 12.</ref> This city, and the province of [[Helenopontus]] in the [[Diocese of Pontus]], were probably both named after Constantine's mother.<ref name="Harbus, 12"/>

File:Follis-Helena-trier RIC 465.jpg

2010-09-04T22:55:03Z

uploaded "[[File:Follis-Helena-trier RIC 465.jpg]]"

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Catechetical School of Alexandria

2010-09-04T22:50:43Z

File:ClemensVonAlexandrien.jpg

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uploaded "[[File:ClemensVonAlexandrien.jpg]]"

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Coptic Orthodox Clerical College

2010-09-04T22:48:25Z

Redirected page to Catechetical School of Alexandria

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#REDIRECT [[Catechetical School of Alexandria]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:50, 4 September 2010
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	==See also==		==See also==
-	*[[Alexandrian school]]
-	*[[School of Antioch]]
-	*[[Christian Universalism]]
	*[[Coptic Orthodox Church]]		*[[Coptic Orthodox Church]]
	*[[Habib Girgis]]		*[[Habib Girgis]]
	*[[List of Copts\|List of prominent Copts]]		*[[List of Copts\|List of prominent Copts]]
-	*[[Middle Platonism]]
	*[[Pope Shenouda III of Alexandria\|Pope Shenouda III]]		*[[Pope Shenouda III of Alexandria\|Pope Shenouda III]]